9 Jul 2013
legit wealth: love qoutes
legit wealth: love qoutes: "So it’s not gonna be easy. It’s gonna be really hard. We’re gonna have to work at this every day, but I want to do that bec...
6 Jul 2013
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4 Jul 2013
Internet kills the TV star
e7c9161d631d7571d95b9ec0993b9330
The vast number of videos, music and content available on the Internet, combined with the decreasing costs of ADSL in South Africa, is a compelling argument as to why we should have a pay TV service like DStv in our house, writes TIM WYATT-GUNNING, CEO of Web Africa.
Our TV died last week and nobody noticed. One of our cats died too. We were all sad about the cat and made insincere mutterings about getting a new one. As for the telly, not a word. I feel a bit sad, because it has been a good companion over the years.
Just like the cat, it wasn’t a particularly close relationship, but in hours of need I have enjoyed its company, with its broadcasted and reassuringly dull o’clock schedule, day in, day out, its refusal to lower itself to my real-life issues, its brain-washing and tumble-drying spin on the reality of the outside world. All we had to do was sit there and watch, agree, disagree, love it or hate it. If we really hated it, we could turn over to The Other Channel. There were, of course, in addition to The Other Channel, a couple of other channels, even in the early days, but rather like the Secret Service they weren’t formally recognized, and any interaction with them was silently deemed to be subversive, inappropriate, risky and best avoided. Content Deprivation was so severe it drove us to enjoy some truly awful things.
But it was all so effortless and comfortably numbing, wasn’t it?
In its early form, pre-nineties, pre-choice, and conveniently pre-democracy, our favourite Broadcaster gave us his or her opinion and bereft of any voice pleading otherwise, we trusted him, and his familiarity would warm our opinion. He told us what our favourite TV programmes were (such as Law & Order), what our favourite sport was and what time we should go to bed.
And then along came the Internet and changed the world and its seasons, with fewer cold wars and more Arab springs.
We create our own opinion now and we compose our own history. What on earth were we thinking, lazily digesting our processed TV dinners from our spudified couches for a whole generation?
We can do it all online now but until a few months ago, I had two separate planets of Internet and Television (although, like Pluto, TV was already on the boundaries of de-classification). Planet Internet was a written one, where I read something I was interested in, then clicked, and read something else interesting. Planet TV was a visual one, where I watched half-interested, and clicked, and watched, less interested. On the clickometer scale, each click on the internet signalled increasing interest and each click on the TV signalled declining interest.
I think the turning point for me, the point at which I thought “I don’t need to read everything on the Internet, I can watch it”, was when my cell phone broke and I knew that any authorized dealer would tell me it would be cheaper to buy a new one. Sod that, I Googled it in that simplistic child speak that both Google and I really appreciate ‘how can I fix the microphone on an iPhone’ and of the most immediate recommendations listed, I jumped at the YouTube explanation because I’m lazy and it’s easier to learn from watching how to do it than it is reading how to do it (and it worked, it involved a piece of cardboard, but that’s not relevant).
So do I still need TV? If I lived in the UK or the USA, I can’t possibly see how a sane person would answer yes, unless the view from their window (real one with glass, not the Microsoft-coined one, behind a PC monitor) encompassed sheep, but even that’s not much of an excuse these days since many sheep farmers in the UK have access to download speeds twice as fast as our latest catch-up gadgetry allows in SA. (Click here to see how DStv prices are now higher than an uncapped ADSL service.
But here, in SA, am I ready to throw away my TV?
If you have a higher end uncapped ADSL account (at least 4Mbps) and you’re not a TV devourist, I really do think the answer is yes.
If you’re on a mobile 3G connection, it simply doesn’t make sense, because we’re talking 20 gigs+ per month, at the very least, and regardless of the promo pricing, when the snow melts after Christmas you will be paying R200+ per gig.
All in with ADSL, line rental and data charges (find out all the details off our uncapped ADSL packages on our website) you’re looking at R739 per month. For DSTV, I’m spending R625. I must be nuts because the only thing I don’t get from the Internet which I do from DSTV is live sport. Nothing else. Even Top Gear. I know I can PVR the latest series, and I have done, but it came as a surprise and only after I had bought it on iTunes. Even the original excuse for everything, “the kids”, simply doesn’t wash anymore. They want the app, they want the game, they want to interact and to decide when and what they view.
I have everything in the world a few clicks away. Except for live coverage of the English Premier League football and the occasional Super Rugby game if the Stormers are winning.
Maybe I should get the telly mended after all? I’ll have to take it to the computer shop because the telly man went out of business a few months ago.
Our beautiful internet. Early days.
Broadband's secret: Vision
Countries with a clearly-defined national vision for broadband roll-out are significantly out-performing those taking a more laissez-faire approach to broadband development, according to a new joint report just released by ITU, the Broadband Commission for Digital Development and Cisco Systems.
According to new research undertaken by ITU analysts for Planning for Progress: Why National Broadband Plans Matter, raw data indicates that countries with a National Broadband Plan have fixed broadband penetration some 8.7% higher on average than countries without plans. Once the potential impact of factors like higher average income per capita, market concentration and urbanization are discounted, research suggests that countries with plans benefit from fixed broadband penetration on average 2.5% higher than countries without plans – a significant margin of advantage in an increasingly interconnected global economy.
In mobile, the impact may be even greater – countries which have National Broadband Plans also have mobile broadband penetration some 7.4% higher on average than countries without plans.
The report concludes that market competition also plays a strong role in boosting broadband penetration. Competitive markets are associated with broadband penetration levels some 1.4% higher on average for fixed broadband and up to 26.5% higher on average for mobile broadband.
“The Broadband Commission’s message about the power of broadband to transform each and every economic sector is now gaining global traction,” said ITU Secretary-General, Dr Hamadoun I. Toure.
“Governments are realizing that broadband networks are not just vital to national competitiveness, but to the delivery of education, healthcare, public utilities like energy and water, environmental management, and a whole host of government services.
Broadband is the key enabler not just of human interaction, but of the machine-to-machine communications systems that will underpin tomorrow’s world.”
“Broadband plans clearly matter,” said Dr Robert Pepper, Vice President of Global Technology Policy for Cisco Systems. “Plans spur adoption, accelerating economic growth and increasing national competitiveness. The role of policy is to set a vision for broadband development and ensure a level playing field which then allows for the best ideas to prosper.”
The report also documents strong recent growth in National Broadband Plans, with 134 plans in force by mid-2013. Plans may take different forms (legislation, policy frameworks, government strategy and/or regulations), but all share a common emphasis on the vital role of broadband in underpinning national competitiveness, and aim to extend the national footprint of broadband networks and drive increased use of broadband-enabled services and applications.
The full economic and social benefits are most likely to be realized where there is strong partnership between government and industry, and where governments engage in a consultative, participatory approach to policy in conjunction with key stakeholders, the report says.
According to new research undertaken by ITU analysts for Planning for Progress: Why National Broadband Plans Matter, raw data indicates that countries with a National Broadband Plan have fixed broadband penetration some 8.7% higher on average than countries without plans. Once the potential impact of factors like higher average income per capita, market concentration and urbanization are discounted, research suggests that countries with plans benefit from fixed broadband penetration on average 2.5% higher than countries without plans – a significant margin of advantage in an increasingly interconnected global economy.
In mobile, the impact may be even greater – countries which have National Broadband Plans also have mobile broadband penetration some 7.4% higher on average than countries without plans.
The report concludes that market competition also plays a strong role in boosting broadband penetration. Competitive markets are associated with broadband penetration levels some 1.4% higher on average for fixed broadband and up to 26.5% higher on average for mobile broadband.
“The Broadband Commission’s message about the power of broadband to transform each and every economic sector is now gaining global traction,” said ITU Secretary-General, Dr Hamadoun I. Toure.
“Governments are realizing that broadband networks are not just vital to national competitiveness, but to the delivery of education, healthcare, public utilities like energy and water, environmental management, and a whole host of government services.
Broadband is the key enabler not just of human interaction, but of the machine-to-machine communications systems that will underpin tomorrow’s world.”
“Broadband plans clearly matter,” said Dr Robert Pepper, Vice President of Global Technology Policy for Cisco Systems. “Plans spur adoption, accelerating economic growth and increasing national competitiveness. The role of policy is to set a vision for broadband development and ensure a level playing field which then allows for the best ideas to prosper.”
The report also documents strong recent growth in National Broadband Plans, with 134 plans in force by mid-2013. Plans may take different forms (legislation, policy frameworks, government strategy and/or regulations), but all share a common emphasis on the vital role of broadband in underpinning national competitiveness, and aim to extend the national footprint of broadband networks and drive increased use of broadband-enabled services and applications.
The full economic and social benefits are most likely to be realized where there is strong partnership between government and industry, and where governments engage in a consultative, participatory approach to policy in conjunction with key stakeholders, the report says.
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Conference "Information and Communication Technologies" (ICT 2013). 25 Jun 2013, Last updated at 16:56 EEST. Share: RSS; Print. Location: Lithuanian ...
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14 Mar 2013
4 Mar 2013
How to Build a Wireless Network
by engr. sam
You are encouraged to make links to this article from your website and tell your friends
Customer Reviews: " ... for everyone. Only problem I have is the discussion on Repeaters. A newbie looking for a repeater for sale might have a hard time. This article seems to talk about it like it is common place. " Click here for more reviews.
The following article is based on years of experience. It is provided as a free service to our customers and visitors. However, richcompaning.blogspot.com is not responsible for any damage as a result of following any of this advice.
Copying the contents for commercial purposes is strictly prohibited without communicationtechnologie.wordpress.com written consent. However, you are welcome to distribute these computer support tips free to your friends and associates as long as it's not for commercial purposes and you acknowledge the source. You are permitted and encouraged to create links to this page from your own web site.
Introduction
Wireless networking is one of the fastest-growing forms of networking in the world. Until very recently, it has been both expensive difficult to use. Horror stories abound of young businesses paying thousands of dollars, only to find that the range on their equipment is not enough for their office. This article addresses the three most common questions of first time wireless networking users: what should I buy, what do I need, and how do I get everything working.
Wireless networking is constantly improving, changing, though the basic principle is the same. Instead of using standard cables to transmit information from one point to another (or many), it uses radio signals. The closest comparison that can be made is 2.4GHz cordless phones. In fact, the technology used is almost identical, and the benefits of this almost go without saying. With wireless networking a computer or laptop can be moved anywhere within the range of the network without an interruption of network service. This means that if you have a laptop, you can sit in your favorite recliner and still surf the Internet or access your network without dragging a cord across the room.
Network Standards
Wireless networking comes in three major standards: 802.11b, 802.11a and 802.11g. Each of these standards has benefits and disadvantages. When selecting a networking standard you should carefully consider your needs in terms of range, building layout, and budget.
802.11b The standard wireless type is 802.11b. It has a maximum speed of 11 Mbps, with a maximum operating range of 300 ft. indoors and 500 ft. in an open area. The distance from the access point directly determines the speed of the connection. At 50 feet the speed is normally 11 Mbps. At ranges of 200-400 feet speed may fall to 1 Mbps or lower which can cause signals to drop off at random times, as well as the connection being slow. 802.11b operates on the popular 2.4 GHz frequency band, which can cause problems with cordless phones and microwave ovens on rare occasions.
802.11a In comparison to 802.11b, 802.11a is faster, however equipment using this standard is often more expensive. It provides a significant increase in speed (up to 54 Mbps) but with a shorter operating range. At distances over 100 feet the speed decreases, but at close ranges, speed will normally be between 22-40 Mbps. This equipment utilizes the 5 GHz range, which means more reliability, especially if you have other wireless networks in the same area.
802.11g A new line of products from wireless manufacturers combines the concepts of both 802.11a and 802.11b. Known as ?G?technology (802.11g), it features the speed of 802.11a equipment, but is completely backward compatible with existing 802.11b networks. It is slightly cheaper than the 802.11a technology, but still uses the 2.4 GHz band, so it can still cause problems with other devices. It bridges the gap between 802.11a and b, while providing an easy upgrade path for an existing ?b?network. The range is about the same as 802.11b. This standard is not compatible with 802.11a.
Tip: It is often better to stick with one manufacturer for all of your wireless equipment needs. Many of them have higher speeds and extended ranges when doing so. Both D-Link and Linksys brand networking equipment both offer this feature. If you use their equipment throughout your network the speed of the network can be nearly doubled while range is also slightly improved.
Network Layout ?What do I need?
The first thing we?re going to look at is, ?What do I need, exactly?? This can be a complicated question. Many people turn to wireless networking for its cost-effectiveness versus a similar wired network. In some instances a wired network is just too expensive to install. Although a wireless network is cost effective, it does have issues that need to be considered such as signal range, network speed and interference.
Wireless networking for two systems: With only two computers, an Access Point is not needed. All that you need is a wireless adapter for each computer. This type of set-up is called an Ad-Hoc network, and is easily configured.
Note: If you wish to share an internet connection, you can use Internet Connection Sharing software to accomplish this. Also, Windows ME, 2000, and XP offer basic built-in Internet Connection Sharing capabilities. To learn more about software routing, check out at PracticallyNetworked.com
If your wireless networking needs include more than two computers, read on!
Location, Location, Location The physical dimensions of the area and the number of computers that need network access determine the type of wireless equipment needed. If all of the computers are in a small area, say an office no more than 200-250 square feet, with few walls, all that is needed are: (1) wireless network adapter per computer and (1) wireless access point (or router if a Broadband connection needs to be shared). To setup the network, install the wireless network adapters into each computer and plug in the wireless AP or Router at a central location. The diagram below explains this concept in more detail:
One major issue that must be addressed when installing a wireless network is the location of walls. Walls are bad. Walls can cut the wireless signal in half, or even more. This is crucial when deciding where to place the AP/ Router. In the diagram above, no computer is more than 100 feet away, with very few walls to degrade the signal. This environment is preferable, but not always feasible. For a more in depth look at this type of configuration please see the install section of this article.
Factoring in the number of PCs The first question to ask is this: How many computers are needed on this wireless network? If you already have a hard-wired network, you need to create a Hybrid network, which is explained later.
Wireless networking for three or more systems If the network is going to contain more then two systems then an Ad-Hoc network is not going to be a good solution. With three or more systems an access point or router should be placed in a central location with repeaters or additional access points extending range as needed. When working with wireless networks, always try to use one brand for all equipment! It can prevent a lot of headaches later on (and normally requires much less configuration).
Sample Configuration: Installation of a four-computer wireless LAN
So, let?s say, for example, that you have four (4) computers on your network, you don?t have a broadband internet connection and all computers are well within 100 feet of each other. For this type of network the following equipment is needed: (1) Wireless Access Point and (4) Wireless Network Adapters.
The NICs can be either USB (external), PCI (internal), or, in the case of a laptop computer, PCMCIA. USB wireless NICs are the more versatile type in this situation as their antenna can be positioned away from any enclosure provided by the PC itself or the desk. The performance of USB NICs and PCI are roughly identical, however in most situations the USB one is going to have a better line of sight with the Access Point or router. Better line of sight = higher speed.
Always remember when buying wireless networking equipment to make sure that everything is the same type of WiFi. The most common is type 802.11b, and most equipment is compatible with this standard. Once you have purchased a basic Access Point and your four network adapters, it?s time to get started!
Step 1: Find a suitable area for the Access Point
To achieve the best signal with the least interference from furniture and electrical devices keep the Access point no higher or lower then eye-level. Place the Access Point on either a shelf will do nicely, or mount it on the wall.
Warning: Never put an access point inside an enclosed space. It will greatly degrade signal strength and may cause the AP to heat up. Keep it in an open area, if at all possible.
Step 2: Install the wireless network adapters Follow the installation instructions for the wireless adapters. Installation is generally simple especially when using the same manufacturer for all wireless network equipment.
Step 3: Test the signal and reposition the AP as needed Each adapter should be connected to the access point as soon as the installation is finished (this may require a restart of the computer). Most wireless manufacturers will include a small signal meter with their adapters. Go to each system and spend a few minutes watching the meter to make sure the signal is steady and high. If it tends to fluctuate or is very low, then the access point may need to be moved closer. Sometimes a few inches make a big difference. Get your access point at the optimum location where you get the best signal quality and strength for all computers.
Mixing Wireless and Wired, a Hybrid network
If there is an existing wired network and only a few computers need connected via Wireless the process is similar. When choosing an Access Point or Router, make sure it comes with a few LAN ports (most have 10/100 ports built-in). They will effectively become an add-on hub to your network, with a minimal amount of configuration. Then, just set up your wireless computers to access the AP or Router, and you?ve got a hybrid network.
Routing a broadband connection through your wireless network is almost exactly the same as doing so with a wired network. Most wireless routers have a web-browser based configuration menu, which allows you to configure your broadband connection, then shares it through your network. Just plug your Broadband modem into your Wireless router, configure the router for your settings, and surf!
Note: Many wireless routers also have standard RJ45 10/100 LAN ports on them for connecting systems over standard wired connections. These types of routers function as both wireless and standard 10/100 Cable/DSL routers. The prices on these types of routers have dropped significantly in recent years. If you are replacing a Cable/DSL router that is over two years old you may find that such combo routers are less then or equal to the price you originally paid for your wired only router.
Extending Range, Advanced Network Layout
Sometimes the basic network layout just doesn?t work due to range, obstructing walls/floors, or the overall layout of the site. When this happens there are a few options and all of them have various advantages and disadvantages.
If the range only needs to extend by a couple of hundred feet then one or more Repeating Access Points can be added to the network. These are wonderful little inventions that work just like an Access Point, but have a special Repeating mode that integrates it with the wireless network. To configure the repeater, you must plug it in to your physical network (usually your original Access Point or Router) via a standard Category 5e ethernet cable to configure it, but after that it can be moved anywhere. As with the main Access Point, the best location for your repeater should be determined by trial and error by checking the signal meters on the respective PCs on the network. Repeaters can usually double the effective range, allowing more computers to be added to the wireless network. Repeaters can be added as needed to extend the network with few limitations. A basic diagram below shows this Principle.
Basic Wireless network with Repeater:
Expanded network with several Repeaters:
Hard-wiring more than one Wireless Network But, suppose the network needs to span several floors, or there are two or more wireless networks so far apart that several repeaters have to be put in a line to cross the distance. When this happens there is another option: Hard-wired access points.
Up until almost the end of 2002, this was the ONLY option for extending the range of wireless networks. Repeaters are very useful, but sometimes hardwiring is the only feasible solution. The basic principles of wireless networking still apply, but there are a few changes to make.
The best way to do this is to set up all of the wireless networks separately, then run Category 5e Ethernet cable to each of the far-reaching Access Points that need connected. The Access Points will require a small amount of configuration, but its not hard and the instructions should be clearly written in the User Guide that comes with them. The best use for this is spanning more than one floor, as wireless radio signals simply will not travel through them. The diagram below shows an example of this type of Wireless expansion.
Conclusion
An important thing to remember about wireless networks, just like any other large computer job, is to PLAN. There is nothing worse than putting in an equipment request, buying everything needed, and only to be stopped by a problem you didn't plan on. My suggestion is to work out a basic diagram of the area you will be working with. Map out the distances between each computer and plan the layout of the Access Points and Repeaters this way. Allow for plenty of extra room for walls and other obstructions. If a computer is 100 feet away from the AP but there are one or two walls between them, consider the distance 70 feet or so. We all make mistakes, and there are almost always unforeseen circumstances. Just give yourself plenty of space to work with and take as much time as you need to make your plan before making the purchase and starting the installation. Wireless networking is just like anything else worth doing; It will take time (and probably some mistakes) but the rewards can be great!
by engr. sam
You are encouraged to make links to this article from your website and tell your friends
Customer Reviews: " ... for everyone. Only problem I have is the discussion on Repeaters. A newbie looking for a repeater for sale might have a hard time. This article seems to talk about it like it is common place. " Click here for more reviews.
The following article is based on years of experience. It is provided as a free service to our customers and visitors. However, richcompaning.blogspot.com is not responsible for any damage as a result of following any of this advice.
Copying the contents for commercial purposes is strictly prohibited without communicationtechnologie.wordpress.com written consent. However, you are welcome to distribute these computer support tips free to your friends and associates as long as it's not for commercial purposes and you acknowledge the source. You are permitted and encouraged to create links to this page from your own web site.
Introduction
Wireless networking is one of the fastest-growing forms of networking in the world. Until very recently, it has been both expensive difficult to use. Horror stories abound of young businesses paying thousands of dollars, only to find that the range on their equipment is not enough for their office. This article addresses the three most common questions of first time wireless networking users: what should I buy, what do I need, and how do I get everything working.
Wireless networking is constantly improving, changing, though the basic principle is the same. Instead of using standard cables to transmit information from one point to another (or many), it uses radio signals. The closest comparison that can be made is 2.4GHz cordless phones. In fact, the technology used is almost identical, and the benefits of this almost go without saying. With wireless networking a computer or laptop can be moved anywhere within the range of the network without an interruption of network service. This means that if you have a laptop, you can sit in your favorite recliner and still surf the Internet or access your network without dragging a cord across the room.
Network Standards
Wireless networking comes in three major standards: 802.11b, 802.11a and 802.11g. Each of these standards has benefits and disadvantages. When selecting a networking standard you should carefully consider your needs in terms of range, building layout, and budget.
802.11b The standard wireless type is 802.11b. It has a maximum speed of 11 Mbps, with a maximum operating range of 300 ft. indoors and 500 ft. in an open area. The distance from the access point directly determines the speed of the connection. At 50 feet the speed is normally 11 Mbps. At ranges of 200-400 feet speed may fall to 1 Mbps or lower which can cause signals to drop off at random times, as well as the connection being slow. 802.11b operates on the popular 2.4 GHz frequency band, which can cause problems with cordless phones and microwave ovens on rare occasions.
802.11a In comparison to 802.11b, 802.11a is faster, however equipment using this standard is often more expensive. It provides a significant increase in speed (up to 54 Mbps) but with a shorter operating range. At distances over 100 feet the speed decreases, but at close ranges, speed will normally be between 22-40 Mbps. This equipment utilizes the 5 GHz range, which means more reliability, especially if you have other wireless networks in the same area.
802.11g A new line of products from wireless manufacturers combines the concepts of both 802.11a and 802.11b. Known as ?G?technology (802.11g), it features the speed of 802.11a equipment, but is completely backward compatible with existing 802.11b networks. It is slightly cheaper than the 802.11a technology, but still uses the 2.4 GHz band, so it can still cause problems with other devices. It bridges the gap between 802.11a and b, while providing an easy upgrade path for an existing ?b?network. The range is about the same as 802.11b. This standard is not compatible with 802.11a.
Tip: It is often better to stick with one manufacturer for all of your wireless equipment needs. Many of them have higher speeds and extended ranges when doing so. Both D-Link and Linksys brand networking equipment both offer this feature. If you use their equipment throughout your network the speed of the network can be nearly doubled while range is also slightly improved.
Network Layout ?What do I need?
The first thing we?re going to look at is, ?What do I need, exactly?? This can be a complicated question. Many people turn to wireless networking for its cost-effectiveness versus a similar wired network. In some instances a wired network is just too expensive to install. Although a wireless network is cost effective, it does have issues that need to be considered such as signal range, network speed and interference.
Wireless networking for two systems: With only two computers, an Access Point is not needed. All that you need is a wireless adapter for each computer. This type of set-up is called an Ad-Hoc network, and is easily configured.
Note: If you wish to share an internet connection, you can use Internet Connection Sharing software to accomplish this. Also, Windows ME, 2000, and XP offer basic built-in Internet Connection Sharing capabilities. To learn more about software routing, check out at PracticallyNetworked.com
If your wireless networking needs include more than two computers, read on!
Location, Location, Location The physical dimensions of the area and the number of computers that need network access determine the type of wireless equipment needed. If all of the computers are in a small area, say an office no more than 200-250 square feet, with few walls, all that is needed are: (1) wireless network adapter per computer and (1) wireless access point (or router if a Broadband connection needs to be shared). To setup the network, install the wireless network adapters into each computer and plug in the wireless AP or Router at a central location. The diagram below explains this concept in more detail:
One major issue that must be addressed when installing a wireless network is the location of walls. Walls are bad. Walls can cut the wireless signal in half, or even more. This is crucial when deciding where to place the AP/ Router. In the diagram above, no computer is more than 100 feet away, with very few walls to degrade the signal. This environment is preferable, but not always feasible. For a more in depth look at this type of configuration please see the install section of this article.
Factoring in the number of PCs The first question to ask is this: How many computers are needed on this wireless network? If you already have a hard-wired network, you need to create a Hybrid network, which is explained later.
Wireless networking for three or more systems If the network is going to contain more then two systems then an Ad-Hoc network is not going to be a good solution. With three or more systems an access point or router should be placed in a central location with repeaters or additional access points extending range as needed. When working with wireless networks, always try to use one brand for all equipment! It can prevent a lot of headaches later on (and normally requires much less configuration).
Sample Configuration: Installation of a four-computer wireless LAN
So, let?s say, for example, that you have four (4) computers on your network, you don?t have a broadband internet connection and all computers are well within 100 feet of each other. For this type of network the following equipment is needed: (1) Wireless Access Point and (4) Wireless Network Adapters.
The NICs can be either USB (external), PCI (internal), or, in the case of a laptop computer, PCMCIA. USB wireless NICs are the more versatile type in this situation as their antenna can be positioned away from any enclosure provided by the PC itself or the desk. The performance of USB NICs and PCI are roughly identical, however in most situations the USB one is going to have a better line of sight with the Access Point or router. Better line of sight = higher speed.
Always remember when buying wireless networking equipment to make sure that everything is the same type of WiFi. The most common is type 802.11b, and most equipment is compatible with this standard. Once you have purchased a basic Access Point and your four network adapters, it?s time to get started!
Step 1: Find a suitable area for the Access Point
To achieve the best signal with the least interference from furniture and electrical devices keep the Access point no higher or lower then eye-level. Place the Access Point on either a shelf will do nicely, or mount it on the wall.
Warning: Never put an access point inside an enclosed space. It will greatly degrade signal strength and may cause the AP to heat up. Keep it in an open area, if at all possible.
Step 2: Install the wireless network adapters Follow the installation instructions for the wireless adapters. Installation is generally simple especially when using the same manufacturer for all wireless network equipment.
Step 3: Test the signal and reposition the AP as needed Each adapter should be connected to the access point as soon as the installation is finished (this may require a restart of the computer). Most wireless manufacturers will include a small signal meter with their adapters. Go to each system and spend a few minutes watching the meter to make sure the signal is steady and high. If it tends to fluctuate or is very low, then the access point may need to be moved closer. Sometimes a few inches make a big difference. Get your access point at the optimum location where you get the best signal quality and strength for all computers.
Mixing Wireless and Wired, a Hybrid network
If there is an existing wired network and only a few computers need connected via Wireless the process is similar. When choosing an Access Point or Router, make sure it comes with a few LAN ports (most have 10/100 ports built-in). They will effectively become an add-on hub to your network, with a minimal amount of configuration. Then, just set up your wireless computers to access the AP or Router, and you?ve got a hybrid network.
Routing a broadband connection through your wireless network is almost exactly the same as doing so with a wired network. Most wireless routers have a web-browser based configuration menu, which allows you to configure your broadband connection, then shares it through your network. Just plug your Broadband modem into your Wireless router, configure the router for your settings, and surf!
Note: Many wireless routers also have standard RJ45 10/100 LAN ports on them for connecting systems over standard wired connections. These types of routers function as both wireless and standard 10/100 Cable/DSL routers. The prices on these types of routers have dropped significantly in recent years. If you are replacing a Cable/DSL router that is over two years old you may find that such combo routers are less then or equal to the price you originally paid for your wired only router.
Extending Range, Advanced Network Layout
Sometimes the basic network layout just doesn?t work due to range, obstructing walls/floors, or the overall layout of the site. When this happens there are a few options and all of them have various advantages and disadvantages.
If the range only needs to extend by a couple of hundred feet then one or more Repeating Access Points can be added to the network. These are wonderful little inventions that work just like an Access Point, but have a special Repeating mode that integrates it with the wireless network. To configure the repeater, you must plug it in to your physical network (usually your original Access Point or Router) via a standard Category 5e ethernet cable to configure it, but after that it can be moved anywhere. As with the main Access Point, the best location for your repeater should be determined by trial and error by checking the signal meters on the respective PCs on the network. Repeaters can usually double the effective range, allowing more computers to be added to the wireless network. Repeaters can be added as needed to extend the network with few limitations. A basic diagram below shows this Principle.
Basic Wireless network with Repeater:
Expanded network with several Repeaters:
Hard-wiring more than one Wireless Network But, suppose the network needs to span several floors, or there are two or more wireless networks so far apart that several repeaters have to be put in a line to cross the distance. When this happens there is another option: Hard-wired access points.
Up until almost the end of 2002, this was the ONLY option for extending the range of wireless networks. Repeaters are very useful, but sometimes hardwiring is the only feasible solution. The basic principles of wireless networking still apply, but there are a few changes to make.
The best way to do this is to set up all of the wireless networks separately, then run Category 5e Ethernet cable to each of the far-reaching Access Points that need connected. The Access Points will require a small amount of configuration, but its not hard and the instructions should be clearly written in the User Guide that comes with them. The best use for this is spanning more than one floor, as wireless radio signals simply will not travel through them. The diagram below shows an example of this type of Wireless expansion.
Conclusion
An important thing to remember about wireless networks, just like any other large computer job, is to PLAN. There is nothing worse than putting in an equipment request, buying everything needed, and only to be stopped by a problem you didn't plan on. My suggestion is to work out a basic diagram of the area you will be working with. Map out the distances between each computer and plan the layout of the Access Points and Repeaters this way. Allow for plenty of extra room for walls and other obstructions. If a computer is 100 feet away from the AP but there are one or two walls between them, consider the distance 70 feet or so. We all make mistakes, and there are almost always unforeseen circumstances. Just give yourself plenty of space to work with and take as much time as you need to make your plan before making the purchase and starting the installation. Wireless networking is just like anything else worth doing; It will take time (and probably some mistakes) but the rewards can be great!
3 Mar 2013
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